A) The tangle of debts, loans and reparations payments that linked British, French, German and American investors
B) The failure of American industry to provide new consumer goods.
C) Overproduction in certain commodities led to a drop in prices.
D) Reckless speculation on the stock market
E) A global slump in agriculture due to increased production and falling prices
A) massive spending on public works
B) reform of the American banking system
C) a guaranteed minimum wage
D) social security to provide old-age pensions
E) massive military spending
A) rallying the Russian people against Allied troops that invaded Russia in support of the Whites.
B) the elimination of the royal family as a potential rallying point of opposition
C) crushing the White army in a brutal civil war
D) seizing control of banks, industry, and other commercial property
E) all of the above
A) nothing but the deaths of several million peasants
B) the rapid industrialization of heavy industries but not consumer goods
C) the successful conversion of Russian agriculture from inefficient individual farms to large collective units
D) the elimination of all rivals to Stalin in the Communist Party
A) working within the political system to elected to Parliament
B) arguing that Italy had been slighted by the Allies at the Peace Conference
C) taking advantage of labor unrest and directing violence against socialists
D) appearing to align themselves with the rightful authority, the king
A) crushing labor unions and prohibiting strikes
B) eliminating all rival parties
C) restricting free speech, assembly and press
D) the exile of all Jews living within Italy
E) extreme nationalism
A) the Allies forced the Weimar leaders to sign the humiliating Treaty of Versailles
B) Hitler went to jail, a martyr for the cause
C) the Great Depression shook the nation’s confidence in the Weimar Republic
D) Mussolini demonstrated the success of fascism in Italy
E) Jewish bankers and merchants were found to be undermining the German economy
A) urban workers inspired by the ideas of Marx and Lenin
B) rural peasants chaffing under the restrictions of British rule
C) educated middle-class Indians inspired by the liberal ideal of national self-determination
D) Indian administrators in the service of the British government
E) Hindus in spite of Muslim resistance to concept
A) the expulsion of foreign imperialists and the end of the unequal treaties
B) the recovery of China’s lost empire in Asia
C) the reconquest of Korea and Manchuria from the Japanese
D) the emancipation of Chinese women
E) the redistribution of land to peasant farmers
A) the defeat of the Communist Party in China
B) the emergence of Mao Zedong as the undisputed leader of the Chinese Communists
C) an alliance between the CCP and the nationalists against the Japanese
D) the elimination of the warlords in western China